Sheldon Lee Glashow has done plenty of important work in his life. I heard from University of Puebla professor, Harold V. McIntosh, that they had studied Group Theory at Cornell, when Prof. McIntosh was a graduate and Glashow an undergraduate student there. Glashow went on to get a Physics Nobel Prize, for the discovery of the Standard Model of Particle Physics, and McIntosh went to develop Computer Science in Mexico.
Recently Prof. McIntosh demonstrated that a 1-D cellular automaton is a universal computer. Very likely the simplest universal computer ever discovered. Now I write on a discovery Glashow made in 1959!
Glashow's Resonance was postulated before the Standard Model was even invented, let alone the mass of the intermediate W boson known. Obviously he couldn't predict the exact number. It is 6.3 PeV.
Aya Ishihara recently announced in Kyoto, that Glashow's Resonance might have been found by IceCube in the South Pole!
Professor Glashow deserves another Nobel Prize, if this turns out to be true.
Saturday, September 29, 2012
Phys. Rev. 118, 316 (1960): Resonant Scattering of Antineutrinos
Phys. Rev. 118, 316 (1960): Resonant Scattering of Antineutrinos:
"The hypothesis of an unstable charged boson to mediate muon decay radically affects the cross section for the process ν̅ +e→ν̅ +μ- near the energy at which the intermediary may be produced. If the boson is assumed to have K-meson mass, the resonance occurs at an incident antineutrino energy of ∼2x
ev. The flux of energetic antineutrinos produced in association with cosmic-ray muons will then produce two muon counts per day per square meter of detector, independently of the depth and the orientation at which the experiment is performed."
'via Blog this'
"The hypothesis of an unstable charged boson to mediate muon decay radically affects the cross section for the process ν̅ +e→ν̅ +μ- near the energy at which the intermediary may be produced. If the boson is assumed to have K-meson mass, the resonance occurs at an incident antineutrino energy of ∼2x
ev. The flux of energetic antineutrinos produced in association with cosmic-ray muons will then produce two muon counts per day per square meter of detector, independently of the depth and the orientation at which the experiment is performed."'via Blog this'
IceCube Neutrino Observatory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
IceCube Neutrino Observatory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
"The IceCube Neutrino Observatory (or simply IceCube) is a neutrino telescope constructed at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica.[1] Similar to its predecessor, the Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA), IceCube contains thousands of spherical optical sensors called Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), each with a photomultiplier tube (PMT)[2] and a single board data acquisition computer which sends digital data to the counting house on the surface above the array.[3] IceCube was completed on 18 December, 2010, New Zealand time.[4]"
'via Blog this'
"The IceCube Neutrino Observatory (or simply IceCube) is a neutrino telescope constructed at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica.[1] Similar to its predecessor, the Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA), IceCube contains thousands of spherical optical sensors called Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), each with a photomultiplier tube (PMT)[2] and a single board data acquisition computer which sends digital data to the counting house on the surface above the array.[3] IceCube was completed on 18 December, 2010, New Zealand time.[4]"
'via Blog this'
Off-Peek: Radio Telescopes Edge In on Plasma Jet Spewing from Massive Black Hole: Scientific American
Off-Peek: Radio Telescopes Edge In on Plasma Jet Spewing from Massive Black Hole: Scientific American:
"Zooming in on Galaxy M87 reveals answers about the turbulent environment surrounding the invisible black hole at its center"
'via Blog this'
"Zooming in on Galaxy M87 reveals answers about the turbulent environment surrounding the invisible black hole at its center"
'via Blog this'
Thursday, September 27, 2012
[1208.2702] Probing the central black hole in M87 with gamma-rays
[1208.2702] Probing the central black hole in M87 with gamma-rays:
"Recent high-sensitivity observation of the nearby radio galaxy M87 have provided important insights into the central engine that drives the large-scale outflows seen in radio, optical and X-rays. This review summarizes the observational status achieved in the high energy (HE;<100 GeV) and very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) gamma-ray domains, and discusses the theoretical progress in understanding the physical origin of this emission and its relation to the activity of the central black hole."
'via Blog this'
"Recent high-sensitivity observation of the nearby radio galaxy M87 have provided important insights into the central engine that drives the large-scale outflows seen in radio, optical and X-rays. This review summarizes the observational status achieved in the high energy (HE;<100 GeV) and very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) gamma-ray domains, and discusses the theoretical progress in understanding the physical origin of this emission and its relation to the activity of the central black hole."
'via Blog this'
A River Runs Through…Gale Crater | Life, Unbounded, Scientific American Blog Network
A River Runs Through…Gale Crater | Life, Unbounded, Scientific American Blog Network:
"It’s one thing to spot stuff from orbit above an alien world, quite another to get in close."
'via Blog this'
"It’s one thing to spot stuff from orbit above an alien world, quite another to get in close."
'via Blog this'
Great Comet of 1680 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Great Comet of 1680 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
"C/1680 V1, also called the Great Comet of 1680, Kirch's Comet, and Newton's Comet, has the distinction of being the first comet discovered by telescope. Discovered by Gottfried Kirch on 14 November 1680, New Style, it became one of the brightest comets of the 17th century – reputedly visible even in daytime – and was noted for its spectacularly long tail.[4] Passing only 0.42 AUs from Earth on 30 November,[5] it sped around an incredibly close perihelion of 0.0062 AU (930,000 km; 580,000 mi) on 18 December 1680, reaching its peak brightness on 29 December as it rushed outward again.[2][5] It was last observed on 19 March 1681.[1] As of September 2012 the comet was about 253 AU from the Sun.[6]"
"While the Kirch Comet of 1680-1681 was discovered and subsequently named for Gottfried Kirch, credit must also be given to Eusebio Kino, the Jesuit who charted the comet’s course. During his delayed departure for Mexico, Kino began his observations of the comet in Cadíz in late 1680. Upon his arrival in Mexico City, he published his Exposisión astronómica de el [sic] cometa (Mexico City, 1681) in which he presented his findings. Kino’s Exposisión astronómica is among one of the earliest scientific treatises published by a European in the New World.[7]"
'via Blog this'
"C/1680 V1, also called the Great Comet of 1680, Kirch's Comet, and Newton's Comet, has the distinction of being the first comet discovered by telescope. Discovered by Gottfried Kirch on 14 November 1680, New Style, it became one of the brightest comets of the 17th century – reputedly visible even in daytime – and was noted for its spectacularly long tail.[4] Passing only 0.42 AUs from Earth on 30 November,[5] it sped around an incredibly close perihelion of 0.0062 AU (930,000 km; 580,000 mi) on 18 December 1680, reaching its peak brightness on 29 December as it rushed outward again.[2][5] It was last observed on 19 March 1681.[1] As of September 2012 the comet was about 253 AU from the Sun.[6]"
"While the Kirch Comet of 1680-1681 was discovered and subsequently named for Gottfried Kirch, credit must also be given to Eusebio Kino, the Jesuit who charted the comet’s course. During his delayed departure for Mexico, Kino began his observations of the comet in Cadíz in late 1680. Upon his arrival in Mexico City, he published his Exposisión astronómica de el [sic] cometa (Mexico City, 1681) in which he presented his findings. Kino’s Exposisión astronómica is among one of the earliest scientific treatises published by a European in the New World.[7]"
'via Blog this'
C/2012 S1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
C/2012 S1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
"C/2012 S1 (ISON) is a comet discovered on 21 September 2012 by Vitali Nevski (Vitebsk, Belarus) and Artyom Novichonok (Kondopoga, Russia). The discovery was made using the 0.4-m reflector of the International Scientific Optical Network near Kislovodsk, Russia.[1] Precovery images by the Mount Lemmon Survey from 28 December 2011 and by Pan-STARRS from 28 January 2012 were quickly found,[2] and follow-up observations were made on 22 September by a team from Remanzacco Observatory in Italy using the iTelescope network.[1][3] The discovery was announced by the Minor Planet Center on 24 September, three days after its discovery.[4]"
"At the time of its discovery, the comet's magnitude was 18.8, far too dim to be seen with the naked eye but bright enough to be photographed by amateurs with large telescopes.[7][8] It will gradually increase in brightness as it approaches. By late summer 2013 it should be visible through small telescopes or binoculars, becoming visible to the naked eye by late October or early November and remaining so until mid-January 2014.[8][5] When the comet reaches its perihelion on 28 November it will be 4.4° from the Sun, making it difficult to see against the glare of the star. The comet may become extremely bright if it remains intact, possibly reaching a negative magnitude.[3]According to Astronomy Now, it may become brighter than the full Moon.[4][5] Comets that pass so close to the Sun can be unpredictable. Comet Kohoutek and C/1999 S4 did not meet expectations, but if ISON survives it could look similar to the Great Comet of 2007 or Lovejoy.[3]"
'via Blog this'
"C/2012 S1 (ISON) is a comet discovered on 21 September 2012 by Vitali Nevski (Vitebsk, Belarus) and Artyom Novichonok (Kondopoga, Russia). The discovery was made using the 0.4-m reflector of the International Scientific Optical Network near Kislovodsk, Russia.[1] Precovery images by the Mount Lemmon Survey from 28 December 2011 and by Pan-STARRS from 28 January 2012 were quickly found,[2] and follow-up observations were made on 22 September by a team from Remanzacco Observatory in Italy using the iTelescope network.[1][3] The discovery was announced by the Minor Planet Center on 24 September, three days after its discovery.[4]"
"At the time of its discovery, the comet's magnitude was 18.8, far too dim to be seen with the naked eye but bright enough to be photographed by amateurs with large telescopes.[7][8] It will gradually increase in brightness as it approaches. By late summer 2013 it should be visible through small telescopes or binoculars, becoming visible to the naked eye by late October or early November and remaining so until mid-January 2014.[8][5] When the comet reaches its perihelion on 28 November it will be 4.4° from the Sun, making it difficult to see against the glare of the star. The comet may become extremely bright if it remains intact, possibly reaching a negative magnitude.[3]According to Astronomy Now, it may become brighter than the full Moon.[4][5] Comets that pass so close to the Sun can be unpredictable. Comet Kohoutek and C/1999 S4 did not meet expectations, but if ISON survives it could look similar to the Great Comet of 2007 or Lovejoy.[3]"
'via Blog this'
New Comet Discovered—May Become "One of Brightest in History"
New Comet Discovered—May Become "One of Brightest in History":
"Next year comet 2012 S1 might outshine the moon."
'via Blog this'
"Next year comet 2012 S1 might outshine the moon."
'via Blog this'
Closest look yet at a distant black hole : Nature News & Comment
Closest look yet at a distant black hole : Nature News & Comment:
"Astronomers combine telescopes to measure features at the centre of a galaxy outside the Milky Way."
'via Blog this'
"Astronomers combine telescopes to measure features at the centre of a galaxy outside the Milky Way."
'via Blog this'
Deepest Ever Hubble View: "History of the Universe in a Single Image"
Deepest Ever Hubble View: "History of the Universe in a Single Image":
"eXtreme Deep Field picture reveals most distant galaxies ever seen."
'via Blog this'
"eXtreme Deep Field picture reveals most distant galaxies ever seen."
'via Blog this'
Buddhist "Iron Man" Found by Nazis Is from Space: Scientific American
Buddhist "Iron Man" Found by Nazis Is from Space: Scientific American:
"Known as the "iron man," a 24-centimeter high sculpture was likely created from a piece of the Chinga meteorite that was strewn across the border region between Russia and Mongolia between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago"
'via Blog this'
"Known as the "iron man," a 24-centimeter high sculpture was likely created from a piece of the Chinga meteorite that was strewn across the border region between Russia and Mongolia between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago"
'via Blog this'
Tuesday, September 25, 2012
Proportion Control - NYTimes.com
Proportion Control - NYTimes.com:
"No other number attracts such a fevered following as the golden ratio. Approximately equal to 1.618 and denoted by the Greek letter phi, it’s been canonized as the “Divine Proportion.” Its devotees will tell you it’s ubiquitous in nature, art and architecture. And there are plastic surgeons and financial mavens who will tell you it’s the secret to pretty faces and handsome returns."
'via Blog this'
"No other number attracts such a fevered following as the golden ratio. Approximately equal to 1.618 and denoted by the Greek letter phi, it’s been canonized as the “Divine Proportion.” Its devotees will tell you it’s ubiquitous in nature, art and architecture. And there are plastic surgeons and financial mavens who will tell you it’s the secret to pretty faces and handsome returns."
'via Blog this'
Entire Field of Particle Physics Is Set to Switch to Open-Access Publishing: Scientific American
Entire Field of Particle Physics Is Set to Switch to Open-Access Publishing: Scientific American:
"A consortium has brokered an agreement with 12 journals to ensure that nearly all particle physics articles are made immediately free on journal Web sites"
'via Blog this'
"A consortium has brokered an agreement with 12 journals to ensure that nearly all particle physics articles are made immediately free on journal Web sites"
'via Blog this'
Mercury's Surface Resembles Rare Meteorites: Scientific American
Mercury's Surface Resembles Rare Meteorites: Scientific American:
"New information from NASA's MESSENGER probe suggests that the mysterious innermost planet is much more similar to certain meteorites than to other planets in the solar system"
'via Blog this'
"New information from NASA's MESSENGER probe suggests that the mysterious innermost planet is much more similar to certain meteorites than to other planets in the solar system"
'via Blog this'
Curiosity Rover Touches First Martian Rock, Makes Longest Drive Yet: Scientific American
Curiosity Rover Touches First Martian Rock, Makes Longest Drive Yet: Scientific American:
"The $2.5-billion robot has performed its first contact-science operations"
'via Blog this'
"The $2.5-billion robot has performed its first contact-science operations"
'via Blog this'
Saturday, September 22, 2012
Dark Energy Camera to Seek Light in Deepest, Darkest Space: Scientific American Video
Dark Energy Camera to Seek Light in Deepest, Darkest Space: Scientific American Video:
"Astronomers in Chile have released images of light from deep space which demonstrate the power of their new Dark Energy Camera, the most sophisticated digital camera ever deployed. "
'via Blog this'
"Astronomers in Chile have released images of light from deep space which demonstrate the power of their new Dark Energy Camera, the most sophisticated digital camera ever deployed. "
'via Blog this'
Friday, September 21, 2012
[1209.4359] Gamma-Ray Active Galactic Nucleus Type through Machine-Learning Algorithms
[1209.4359] Gamma-Ray Active Galactic Nucleus Type through Machine-Learning Algorithms:
"The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is producing the most detailed inventory of the gamma-ray sky to date. Despite tremendous achievements approximately 25% of all Fermi extragalactic sources in the Second Fermi LAT Catalogue (2FGL) are listed as active galactic nuclei (AGN) of uncertain type. Typically, these are suspected blazar candidates without a conclusive optical spectrum or lacking spectroscopic observations. Here, we explore the use of machine-learning algorithms - Random Forests and Support Vector Machines - to predict specific AGN subclass based on observed gamma-ray spectral properties. After training and testing on identified/associated AGN from the 2FGL we find that 235 out of 269 AGN of uncertain type have properties compatible with gamma-ray BL Lacs and flat-spectrum radio quasars with accuracy rates of 85%. Additionally, direct comparison of our results with class predictions made following the infrared colour-colour space of Massaro et al. (2012) show that the agreement rate is over four-fifths for 54 overlapping sources, providing independent cross validation. These results can help tailor follow-up spectroscopic programs and inform future pointed surveys with ground-based Cherenkov telescopes."
'via Blog this'
"The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is producing the most detailed inventory of the gamma-ray sky to date. Despite tremendous achievements approximately 25% of all Fermi extragalactic sources in the Second Fermi LAT Catalogue (2FGL) are listed as active galactic nuclei (AGN) of uncertain type. Typically, these are suspected blazar candidates without a conclusive optical spectrum or lacking spectroscopic observations. Here, we explore the use of machine-learning algorithms - Random Forests and Support Vector Machines - to predict specific AGN subclass based on observed gamma-ray spectral properties. After training and testing on identified/associated AGN from the 2FGL we find that 235 out of 269 AGN of uncertain type have properties compatible with gamma-ray BL Lacs and flat-spectrum radio quasars with accuracy rates of 85%. Additionally, direct comparison of our results with class predictions made following the infrared colour-colour space of Massaro et al. (2012) show that the agreement rate is over four-fifths for 54 overlapping sources, providing independent cross validation. These results can help tailor follow-up spectroscopic programs and inform future pointed surveys with ground-based Cherenkov telescopes."
'via Blog this'
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