Friday, June 06, 2008

My Role in OLPC

I recently met Carla Gómez Monroy. She belongs to the One Laptop Per Child foundation. She accepted my offer to help in that endevour. I want to write some scripts to mimic what my colleagues do here in Chilpancingo. They break up, in detailed pieces, lesson plans and other practical products teachers do to help students do mathematics.
I want to add digital instruments to this box of tricks.
I expect good things from these efforts.

Gina Trapani

I am reading something written by this software creator. She writes so well that in my new life as a Math Education Professor I feel envious. I hope my writing and speech improve in this new stage in my life. She directed the production of the Gmail tools I installed today.

Math Education

I am starting to read long papers. They go on and on, and seem to never end. These people know more words than I do, and even make up some more, say construct. That word is supposed to mean something else from construction. It is used as a noun.

I am having fun. I cannot change the collegues a bit, I guess that will come with time.

Better Gmail?

I just installed Better Gmail to my Firefox browser. I really don´t know yet what this will do for me. I am happy with the ScribeFire add on so far. It gets somethings done faster.

Gmail Gets 13 Experimental New Features Tonight

Starting at 6 PM Pacific Time tonight, Google will start rolling out Gmail Labs, an experimental area of new Gmail features that will be familiar to Better Gmail users...

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Complexity

As a physicist I try to simplify everything. Now that I am working on Math Education, whatever that means, I am trying to simplify everything. I need a more nuanced approach. This is an effort to state a more useful methodology.

I hear my colleagues belaboring what for me seem like simple situations. What is the Social Representation (SR) of grammar school mathematics? Hour after hour I hear the many, many nuances, this question has. My colleagues even debate whether a conjunction for or on should be used in a paragraph. Grammar is not my forte; they were really arguing not about a conjunction, but about a coordinating conjunction. I am in trouble.

Are SRs that important? Yes. Do I know one when I see one? No.

Is it really true that the Theory of Quantum Cosmolgy is simpler? Maybe not, and that is why theoretical physicsts are stuck. I do want to contribute to Quantum Cosmolgy as I do to Math Education, but in any case I have to confront the intrinsic complexity of our lives.

I assume that the place to start is the Principle of Computational Equivalence (PCE), discovered by Stephen Wolfram.

Once one reaches a threshold of complexity, all complex systems are equivalent. The good news is that the threshold is low, a Cellular Automata is enough, the bad news is that it is complicated once the automata is run long enough.

I had the same feeling, I guess most people do, when I run my first "simple" iterated equation:

xn+1 = λ xn(1 - xn)

Now I have to search for an equivalent guide in Math Education, whatever that means.

Thursday, June 05, 2008

Bright Children

I was reading today the ideas of David Dalrymple, since he was thirteen, grown ups were interested in him. He is set to fix computer architecture from serial to parallel. Also today I heard about children in Mexico City ready to get into science programs. I ask myself: What can a child do and when?

My son is also sixteen and bright. Can they go ahead without our help?

I don´t think so, at least we have to provide social references, What and why is important? We adults sometimes have trouble knowing this, Then how can we help?

Our role is to provide a useful common sense. Einstein said that common sense is what we believe before 18. Science has to go beyond common sense, but first we have to develop a new improved common sense we can share with our children.

Yes David Dalrymple can improve computers, and most bright children deserve the opportunity to make their mark in this world.

Ray Kurzweil and Neil Gershenfeld: Two Paths to the Singul..

MIT professor Neil Gershenfeld and technology futurist Ray Kurzweil have long worked at the leading edges of physical science and computer science. Today, in their own ways, both believe that we are on the event horizon of a technological singularity. But they arrived at this conclusion from two very different directions, discovered one child ..

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The Future Is Now? Pretty Soon, at Least

Ray Kurzweil is a futurist with a track record who makes his predictions using what he calls the Law of Accelerating Returns.

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Scientists Have Solved The Mystery of Levitation

The University of St Andrews team has created an 'incredible levitation effects’ by engineering the force of nature which normally causes objects to stick together and reversing a phenomenon known as 'Casimir force'.

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Acer bets big on Linux

Acer has stated that it will be pushing Linux aggressively on its laptops and netbooks. The company is already heavily promoting Linux for its low cost ultra-portable netbook range out later this year, but senior staff have said that Acer will also push Linux on its laptops.

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Roger Cohen: Energy lessons

Time to start thinking about energy abundance, not about energy conservation.

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Wednesday, June 04, 2008

Mathematics Education in the US

I have been reluctant to write about my experience in US high schools. For one thing I may not be as objective as I would like. For another thing I am not knowledgeable since I only taught two years in that system.

Be it as it may, here is my first installment.

I did not succeed. I know more physics and mathematics than most of my colleagues in those schools. Nevertheless I did not satisfy the expectations of my bosses.

In one occasion I did not present the material in the expected way. In another occasion I did not keep the discipline as was expected of me.

My first assessment of my US experience, is that what I knew was not as important as what the hiring authorities expected of me.

I am disappointed because in one occasion my students were minorities, and my knowledge could have helped them. Now I am back in Mexico, I feel appreciated.

Mathematics Education

You can read in Wikipedia about this field of Mathematics.

This could become a strategic area in the world at large. In the past, the need to produce and know mathematics was satisfied with a small number of practitioners. In Greece, only small groups of people were involved in these activities. It is clear that the need is more extensive nowadays.

There are countries which took this activity as very important for the long time survival of the way of life of its people. I can think at least of three countries that recognize this situation: The United States of America, Russia, and China.

I mention these three because two of them were in a fierce competition propelled by the so-called Cold War. The third is a newcomer to the competition for markets and sources of raw materials.

Mexico, the country where I reside now,is mainly in the sphere of influence of the US, but this influence is less now than during the last decade say. China has a plan to build efficient cars in the Mexican state of Michoacan. The current Governor of that state is the grandson of the Mexican President that confronted the US when oil workers went on strike in 1938. As a result of the political decision of that President, now Mexico is responsible for the best use of Mexican oil; at close to one hundred dollars a barrel, this resource is more valuable than ever.

It is not chance then, that his grandson, now in a nation building measure, agrees with the Chinese leaders to build these cars using Mexican resources. The state of Michoacan has plenty of iron, an important resource for this enterprise. Furthermore there is a deep water port in the Pacific strategically located for this factory in the same state.

Here in Chilpancingo we are ready to educate our young in this very important area of Mathematics Education. We need hundreds of new teachers, and thousands of new students to produce a viable society in this part of the world, which has had human habitation for ten thousand years at least.

We are ready for the coming world based on mathematics, science, and technology.

Mexico at the Brink

The War on Drugs may be fading from memory north of the Rio Grande, but south of the river, bloody battles are threatening to overwhelm Mexico’s democratically elected government. The timid assistance package proposed by the Bush administration and pared down by Congress suggests that Washington doesn’t grasp either the scale of the danger or its..

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Escuela de Chilpancingo

Plan de Trabajo de Eduardo Cantoral en el Centro de Investigación de Matemática Educativa de la Unidad Académica de Matemáticas de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero en Chilpancingo.

04/06/08

Sumas y Restas en Matemáticas

Introducción


El objeto de investigación aquí propuesto es la
dificultad de los algoritmos matemáticos. En la antigüedad
las operaciones aritméticas sin el uso del concepto de cero
provocaron la siguiente situación en Europa. Se sabía
de la existencia del cero a través de los Árabes, que
obtuvieron este concepto de los Hindúes. La Filosofía
Europea estaba sustentada en la Griega como había sido
incorporada por la Iglesia Cristiana Europea. En esta religión,
la idea de la nada se consideraba errónea y extranjera, Árabe
e Hindú.



Los hombres de negocio, sin embargo, eran pragmáticos. Si
alguién pudiera llevar sus cuentas eficientemente, no les
importaba que se usara el cero.


El resultado de esta situación fué el uso ilegal de los
algoritmos árabes. En una especie de contrabando, se usaban
estos algoritmos sin informar a las autoridades eclesiásticas.
Los números oficiales, o romanos, no eran adecuados para
llevar las cuentas de la mejor manera posible en esa época.


Aquí se propone el uso de instrumentos digitales para la
matemática.


Ahora no es un dogma religioso el causante de las dificultades, es
una situación histórica. En particular se considera
aquí el estudio del cálculo diferencial e integral.
Existe un obstáculo epistemológcio con la concepción
del infinito. Entre parentésis, es el mismo concepto medieval
del cero, pero ahora al intentar la división con su uso sin
atención del usuario del algoritmo. Los creadores del cálculo,
Newton y Leibniz, probablemente hubieran inventado otros algoritmos 
de haber tenido en ese tiempo instrumentos digitales como los modernos 
para realizar sumas y restas.


No se propone aquí revisar la historia, ni siquiera entender
cómo hubiera sido la historia si los actuales instrumentos
digitales hubieran existido. Simplemente se propone retomar los
desarrollos del siglo diecisiete antes de Newton y Leibniz, y
proseguir, ahora con instrumentos digitales, el estudio y la
enseñanza de las diferencias finitas.


Desarrollo


La primera parte de esta propuesta de trabajo es la recopilación
del conocimiento, tanto actual como del siglo diecisiete, de los
algoritmos de sumas y restas para obtener razones de cambio
y la suma de estas razones de cambio. El enfoque metodológico
será el de la Mecánica Clásica, tanto porque el autor de esta
propuesta es Físico, como por que se argumentará que la
matemática surge en contextos históricos que sirven para su mejor comprensión.


Posteriormente se revisará la literatura en el área de
la Matemática Educativa, de trabajos previos relevantes a la
presente investigación.


Después se implementarán las propuestas en salones de
clase, principalmente en el nivel medio superior y superior.


Finalmente se presentarán los resultados en medios y foros
adecuados que le den continuidad a este esfuerzo y que permitan a
otros investigadores y profesores activos, usar lo descubierto y
construido como resultado de este trabajo, en las escuelas y lugares
donde sean útiles.

Conclusión


Se propone el estudio de los algoritmos de cálculo para su implementación en
instrumentos digitales para el estudio y la enseñanza de las matemáticas en los
lugares donde suceda este estudio. Ahora es posible construir un objeto de
estudio en un lugar y usarlo en otro. Por ejemplo el Tecnológico de
Massachusetts, ya le da a los profesores de esa institución la oportunidad de
poner sus notas de clase en la Internet, para que sean usados por sus
estudiantes, y cualquier otro estudiante en el mundo que tenga una conexión de Internet.


El objeto de este estudio es la dificultad de los algoritmos
matemáticos. Didácticamente se intenta presentar ideas,
como el teorema fundamental del cálculo de diferencias
finitas, de la manera más simple. Se presenta la hipótesis
de que este esfuerzo por parte del profesor llevará a mejores
resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.


Finalmente se propone aquí que este es el momento histórico
adecuado para este estudio. El autor está involucrado en el
Proyecto, Una Computadora Portátil Para Cada Niño (OLPC
por sus siglas en inglés), del Profesor Nicholas Negroponte
del Instituto Tecnológico de Massachusetts. Las contribuciones
de la Escuela de Chilpancingo serán consideradas y en su caso
incorporadas a este esfuerzo de alcance mundial.

Absolutely Stunning: Magnetic Fields Visible For First Time

Natural magnetic fields are revealed as chaotic, ever-changing geometries as scientists from NASA’s Space Sciences Laboratory excitedly describe their discoveries.

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René Descartes

"For myself, I have never fancied my mind to be in any respect more perfect than those of the generality; on the contrary, I have often wished that I were equal to some others in promptitude of thought, or in clearness and distinctness of imagination, or in fullness and readiness of memory. And besides these, I know of no other qualities that contribute to the perfection of the mind; for as to the reason or sense, inasmuch as it is that alone which constitutes us men, and distinguishes us from the brutes, I am disposed to believe that it is to be found complete in each individual; and on this point to adopt the common opinion of philosophers, who say that the difference of greater and less holds only among the accidents, and not among the forms or natures of individuals of the same species."

This quote taken from the French thinker, René Descartes, allows me to think that all children can learn mathematics.

Time for Radical Pragmatism

When I reported from Israel in the mid-1980s, the big debate here was whether Israel’s settlement-building in the West Bank had passed a point of no return — a point where any serious withdrawal became virtually impossible to imagine. The question was often framed as: “Is it five minutes to midnight or five minutes after midnight?” Well, having ..

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Sunday, June 01, 2008

What the Mexicans Might Learn From the Italians

The headline in The New York Times that morning in 1984 was macabre, if unintentionally hilarious: “Unknown Arm of Sicilian Mafia Is Uncovered in the United States.”

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